You rub a clear plastic pen with wool, and observe that a tape is attracted to the pen. Assuming that the pen has a net negative charge, which of the following could be true? Check all that apply.â €‹ A. The tape might be negatively charged B. The tape might be uncharged + C. The tape might be positively charged + D. There is not enough information to conclude anything E. The assumption that the pen has negative charge is incorrect

You rub a clear plastic pen with wool, and observe that a tape is attracted to the pen. Assuming that the pen has a net negative charge, which of the following could be true? Check all that apply.â €‹ A. The tape might be negatively charged B. The tape might be uncharged + C. The tape might be positively charged + D. There is not enough information to conclude anything E. The assumption that the pen has negative charge is incorrect

info@checkyourstudy.com You rub a clear plastic pen with wool, and … Read More...
Identify 3 frameworks used in information security

Identify 3 frameworks used in information security

Information security framework is a set of security framework model … Read More...
AUCS 340: Ethics in the Professions Homework Assignment: International and US Health Care Systems The following homework assignment will help you to discover some of the differences between the administration of health care in the United States and internationally. This is a research based assignment; remember the use of Wikipedia.com is not an acceptable reference site for this course. You must include a references cited page for this assignment; correctly formatted APA or MLA references are acceptable (simply stating s web address is NOT a complete reference). The answers should be presented in paragraph formation. Staple all pages together for presentation. The first question refers to a country other than the United States of America 1) Socialized Medicine – provide a definition of the term socialized medicine and discuss a country that currently has a socialized medicine system to cover all citizens; this discussion should include the types of services offered to the citizens of this country. When was this system first implemented in this country? What is the name of this country’s health insurance plan? Compare the ranking for the life expectancy for this country to that of the United States. Which is higher? Why? Compare the cost of financing healthcare in this country to the United States in comparison to the amount of annual funding in dollars and the percentage of gross domestic product spent on health care for each country. What rank does this country have in comparison to the United States for overall health of its citizens? (This portion of the assignment should be approximately one page in length and graphic data is acceptable to support some answers, however, graphic information should only be used to explain your written explanation not as the answer to the question.) Bonus: Is this country’s system currently financially stable? Why or why not? The following questions refer to the delivery of healthcare in the United States of America, as it was organized prior to the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The ACA is currently being phased into coverage. It is estimated that the answers to the following questions will result in an additional two to three pages of written text in addition to the page for question number one. 2) Medicare – when was it enacted? Who does it cover? Who was President when Medicare was originally passed? What do the specific portions Part A, Part B and Part D cover? When was Part D enacted? Who was President when Part D was enacted? Is the Medicare system currently financially stable? Why or why not. Compare the average life expectancy for males and females when Medicare was originally passed and the average life expectancy of males and females as of 2010; more recent data is acceptable. Bonus: What does Part C cover and when was it enacted? 3) Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) – Define the term health maintenance organization. When did this type of health insurance plan become popular in the United States? How does this type of system provide medical care to the people enrolled? This answer should discuss in network versus out of network coverage. 4) Medicaid- when was it enacted? Who does it cover? Who was President when this insurance plan was enacted? Are the coverage benefits the same state to state? Why or why not? Is the system currently financially stable? Why or why not. What effect does passage of the ACA project to have on enrollment in the Medicaid system? Why? 5) Organ Transplants – What is the mechanism for placement of a patient’s name on the organ transplant list? What is the current length of time a patient must wait for a heart transplant? Explain at least one reason why transplants are considered an ethical issue. How are transplants financed? Give at least one example of how much any type of organ transplant would cost. 6) Health Insurance/Information Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) – When was it enacted? Who was President when this legislation as passed? What is the scope of this legislative for the medical community and the general community? (Hint: There are actually two reasons for HIPAA legislation; make sure to state both in your response) 7) Death with Dignity Act – what year was the Oregon Death with Dignity Act passed? What ethical issue is covered by the Death with Dignity Act? List the factors that must be met for a patient to use the Death with Dignity Act. List two additional states that have enacted Death with Dignity Acts and when was the legislation passed in these states? 8) Hospice – what is hospice care? When was it developed? What country was most instrumental in the development of hospice care? Do health insurance plans in the United States cover hospice care? What types of services are covered for hospice care? Grading: 1) Accuracy and completeness of responses = 60% of grade 2) Correct use of sentence structure, spelling and grammar = 30% of grade 3) Appropriate use of references and citations = 10% of grade Simply stating a web page is not an appropriate reference This assignment is due on the date published in the course syllabus.

AUCS 340: Ethics in the Professions Homework Assignment: International and US Health Care Systems The following homework assignment will help you to discover some of the differences between the administration of health care in the United States and internationally. This is a research based assignment; remember the use of Wikipedia.com is not an acceptable reference site for this course. You must include a references cited page for this assignment; correctly formatted APA or MLA references are acceptable (simply stating s web address is NOT a complete reference). The answers should be presented in paragraph formation. Staple all pages together for presentation. The first question refers to a country other than the United States of America 1) Socialized Medicine – provide a definition of the term socialized medicine and discuss a country that currently has a socialized medicine system to cover all citizens; this discussion should include the types of services offered to the citizens of this country. When was this system first implemented in this country? What is the name of this country’s health insurance plan? Compare the ranking for the life expectancy for this country to that of the United States. Which is higher? Why? Compare the cost of financing healthcare in this country to the United States in comparison to the amount of annual funding in dollars and the percentage of gross domestic product spent on health care for each country. What rank does this country have in comparison to the United States for overall health of its citizens? (This portion of the assignment should be approximately one page in length and graphic data is acceptable to support some answers, however, graphic information should only be used to explain your written explanation not as the answer to the question.) Bonus: Is this country’s system currently financially stable? Why or why not? The following questions refer to the delivery of healthcare in the United States of America, as it was organized prior to the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The ACA is currently being phased into coverage. It is estimated that the answers to the following questions will result in an additional two to three pages of written text in addition to the page for question number one. 2) Medicare – when was it enacted? Who does it cover? Who was President when Medicare was originally passed? What do the specific portions Part A, Part B and Part D cover? When was Part D enacted? Who was President when Part D was enacted? Is the Medicare system currently financially stable? Why or why not. Compare the average life expectancy for males and females when Medicare was originally passed and the average life expectancy of males and females as of 2010; more recent data is acceptable. Bonus: What does Part C cover and when was it enacted? 3) Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) – Define the term health maintenance organization. When did this type of health insurance plan become popular in the United States? How does this type of system provide medical care to the people enrolled? This answer should discuss in network versus out of network coverage. 4) Medicaid- when was it enacted? Who does it cover? Who was President when this insurance plan was enacted? Are the coverage benefits the same state to state? Why or why not? Is the system currently financially stable? Why or why not. What effect does passage of the ACA project to have on enrollment in the Medicaid system? Why? 5) Organ Transplants – What is the mechanism for placement of a patient’s name on the organ transplant list? What is the current length of time a patient must wait for a heart transplant? Explain at least one reason why transplants are considered an ethical issue. How are transplants financed? Give at least one example of how much any type of organ transplant would cost. 6) Health Insurance/Information Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) – When was it enacted? Who was President when this legislation as passed? What is the scope of this legislative for the medical community and the general community? (Hint: There are actually two reasons for HIPAA legislation; make sure to state both in your response) 7) Death with Dignity Act – what year was the Oregon Death with Dignity Act passed? What ethical issue is covered by the Death with Dignity Act? List the factors that must be met for a patient to use the Death with Dignity Act. List two additional states that have enacted Death with Dignity Acts and when was the legislation passed in these states? 8) Hospice – what is hospice care? When was it developed? What country was most instrumental in the development of hospice care? Do health insurance plans in the United States cover hospice care? What types of services are covered for hospice care? Grading: 1) Accuracy and completeness of responses = 60% of grade 2) Correct use of sentence structure, spelling and grammar = 30% of grade 3) Appropriate use of references and citations = 10% of grade Simply stating a web page is not an appropriate reference This assignment is due on the date published in the course syllabus.

-1- Department of Engineering ELE3DDE: Electronic Design Automation – 2015 Assignment: Traffic Light Controller: Design, Synthesis and Test DUE: Code Submission and Demonstration, Wednesday, September 9 Report, 2pm Monday, September 14 Students will work on this assignment individually – developing their own design and producing their own independent report Task: A traffic signal controller is required for an intersection of two cross roads in a busy town centre that also has considerable pedestrian traffic. All four approaches to the intersection have standard traffic lights (Red, Amber and Green) and a traffic sensor (active low), which can detect the presence of approaching traffic. Assume that when a car passes over a sensor, it produces a low signal for approximately three (3) seconds. Thus a constant stream of traffic would produce a continuous low signal (i.e. assume that debouncing for these sensors has already been performed in the sensor circuitry). The intersection also has pedestrian crossing signals (Walk, Don’t Walk (flashing), and Don’t Walk (constantly illuminated), and pedestrian call buttons (simple push button switches) at each of the four crossing points. As a digital design engineer, you have been asked to produce an FPGA prototype for the Traffic Light Controller and assigned the following tasks (i) Produce a VHDL design for the Traffic Light Controller meeting the specifications outlined below. (ii) Produce a test bench for your VHDL design and via simulation confirm that your design functions correctly. (iii) Produce a space efficient, fully tested working prototype, suitable for demonstration to the client. (i.e. implement your design in the ALTERA, Cyclone II FPGA on the ALTERA DE2 board). (iv) Produce a report of your work, including a discussion on the efficiency of your design. (v) All code generated for you design must be included in your report. If you have pages and pages of VHDL code (particularly if you generated them with HDL Designer), these should be included in your report as an appendix. Prototype. The design will be implemented using the ALTERA, Cyclone II (EP2C35F672C6) device on the ALTERA DE2 board. See Appendix or DE2 Board Manual for device I/O pins. The four traffic lights will be represented via the 7-segment displays HEX7 – HEX4, with segment ‘a’ representing a red light, segment ‘g’ representing a yellow light and segment ‘d’ representing a green light. With the traffic sensors in the road represented by four slide switches (SW17, SW15, SW13 & SW11). The emergency Amber flash switch should be connected to slide switch SW3. -2- The pedestrian call buttons will be represented by the push buttons, KEY0, KEY1, KEY2 and KEY3. With 7-segment displays HEX3 – HEX0 used to represent the pedestrian signals for the crossing of the intersection, in the following manner: Walk (segment ‘d’ on), Don’t Walk – flashing (segment ‘a’ flashing), and Don’t Walk (segment ‘a’ on continuously). For timing the development board has a 50MHz clock. Shown above is a diagram of a seven-segment display indicating how segments ‘a’, ‘g’ and ‘d’ are used to represent the red, yellow and green lights, of a traffic light, respectively on HEX7 – HEX4. While below shows seven-segment display indicating how segments ‘a’ and ‘d’ are used to indicate Don’t Walk and Walk respectively on HEX3 – HEX0. Design Specifications – Basic Design. The road traffic lights are to operate using the sequence RedGreenAmberRed according to the timing and requirements outlined below. Whenever the lights for one road are Green or Amber the crossroad must always display a red signal. All traffic lights must display a red signal for two seconds between changeovers. In their inactive state all pedestrian signals will display “Don’t Walk – continuous” (segment ‘a’ continuously on), independent of the changes in the traffic signals. The pedestrian signal can be activated following a pedestrian call being registered (by an appropriate push button(s) being pressed) and will operate in the sequence “Walk”  “Don’t Walk – flash”  “Don’t Walk – continuous” with the timing and requirements outlined below. As this intersection carries considerable pedestrian traffic the town planners have decided that the traffic sequence will contain a dedicated pedestrian crossing only period, where pedestrians may walk between any two points of the intersection (including through the middle of the intersection). Rather than embedding the pedestrian crossing sequences in with the road traffic sequence – as you are probably more familiar with. Thus whenever any traffic flow enabling signal is active (i.e. Green or Amber on) the pedestrian signals will be inactive (i.e. “Don’t Walk – continuous”) and vice versa, whenever the pedestrian signals are active (“Walk” or “Don’t Walk – flash”) all road traffic lights remain red. a d e f g c b a d e f g c b -3- Traffic Light sequence and timing When all automotive sensors are inactive the default sequence is: Green Road 1 14 sec Amber Road 1 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec Green Road 2 14 sec Amber Road 2 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec For both Roads 1 & 2, if any traffic is detected after the road has been showing green for 9 seconds, then the Green time will be extended by a further 10 seconds (i.e. making the Green time 24 seconds for that road, on that sequence. The amber and red/red times remain at 4 and 2 seconds respectively – for all sequences. Thus if both Road 1 and Road 2 have heavy traffic (i.e. traffic still detected after 9 seconds of green signal) then the sequence will be: Green Road 1 24 sec Amber Road 1 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec Green Road 2 24 sec Amber Road 2 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec Also, should Road 1 have heavy traffic and Road 2 have only light or no traffic (i.e. no traffic detected after 9 seconds of green signal) then the sequence will be: Green Road 1 24 sec Amber Road 1 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec Green Road 2 14 sec Amber Road 2 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec And alternatively, should Road 2 have heavy traffic and Road 1 have only light or no traffic (i.e. no traffic detected after 9 seconds of green signal) then the sequence will be: Green Road 1 14 sec Amber Road 1 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec Green Road 2 24 sec Amber Road 2 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec When a pedestrian crossing sequence is required this is always inserted after the Road 2 sequence, following the 2 seconds of red in both directions. Pushing a pedestrian crossing button (outside of the “Walk” period) will register a “pedestrian call” and a pedestrian crossing sequence will be inserted as soon as the next Road 2 sequence is complete. Should a pedestrian call be registered at only one site, then the pedestrian crossing sequence will be: -4- : Red Roads 1/2 2 sec “Walk” (‘d’ on) 18 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) “Don’t Walk Flashing” (‘a’ flashing) 6 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) “Don’t Walk” (‘a’ on) 2 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) Green Road 1 : : Alternatively, should a pedestrian call be registered at more than one site, then the “Walk” portion of the pedestrian crossing sequence will be extended by a further 8 seconds, thus: : Red Roads 1/2 2 sec “Walk” (‘d’ on) 26 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) “Don’t Walk Flashing” (‘a’ flashing) 6 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) “Don’t Walk” (‘a’ on) 2 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) Green Road 1 : : All pedestrian calls will be cleared as soon as the “Walk” (‘d’ on) signal is activated, and will not register again until the “Walk” (‘d’ on) signal is no longer active. Any pedestrian calls (i.e. a pedestrian button push) made during the “Don’t Walk Flashing” signal will be registered as a call towards the next sequence and have no effect on the current length of the “Don’t Walk Flashing” signal. As an example, if the automotive traffic is “heavy” in both directions, and there is also a heavy demand on the pedestrian crossing, then the total sequence would be: : Green Road 1 24 sec Amber Road 1 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec Green Road 2 24 sec Amber Road 2 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec “Walk” (‘d’ on) 26 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) “Don’t Walk Flashing” (‘a’ flashing) 6 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) “Don’t Walk” (‘a’ on) 2 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) Green Road 1 24 sec : The traffic controller system must respond to road sensor changes within one second. (Hint – The core of your design may include a state machine that is clocked at 1Hz). Although, you may need a faster clock to register the pedestrian call buttons. Incorporate an emergency Amber flash switch in your design (SW3). When activated the system should move to the ‘Red both directions’ state as soon as possible (i.e. it must go through four seconds of amber if currently green or amber, or through six seconds of “Don’t Walk Flashing” should a pedestrian sequence be active. Then after two seconds of ‘Red both directions’ plus “Don’t Walk” (‘a’ on) it should flash amber at 1Hz in both directions. In this state all pedestrian -5- signals will remain continuously showing “Don’t Walk” and no pedestrian call buttons will be registered. The design must also include an reset (active low), which will immediately place the lights on both roads in the Red state, plus all pedestrian signals showing “Don’t Walk” continuously, hold for two seconds, and then move to normal operations. You should use SW0 for the reset. For the purposes of testing and demonstrating this assignment, you should include a state clock speed modification option (i.e. x4); under “test switch” control (SW2). This will enable an option of viewing (and testing) the sequence changes more quickly. Finally, so that each design is unique, arrange for a selectable option (using SW1) where your student number is displayed on the 7-segment displays. Clearly when the student number is being displayed the traffic light status cannot be shown, although normal operations should continue in the background. That is, SW1 controls a multiplexer that selects between traffic light and student number data to be displayed. There is no need to include this section in your report, as it is not part of the Traffic Light Controller design. However, it is required for the demonstration. Design Specifications – Enhanced Design. Add additional features to enhance your design. 1. Implement the “Walk”/”Don’t Walk” on the LCD display. 2. Display a count of the current ‘seconds’ for a particular state in the sequence. i.e. count up the seconds in “green-red”, then “amber-red”, then “red-red”, then “red-green” etc. 3. Implement Green right turn arrows on the cross roads. Use the four slide switches (SW16, SW14, SW12 & SW10) for the right turn sensors. If a North or East direction road has an right turn sensors that is active prior to the intended green cycle of that road then an additional 6 seconds inserted into the sequence showing “Green Arrow” and “Green” in one direction with “Red” in the opposite direction (i.e. South or West). After the 6 seconds have elapsed the “Green Arrow” is switched off while the “Green” remains on with “Red” still showing in the opposite direction. After a further four seconds the “Red” in opposite direction changes to “green” and the sequence continues normally. Alternatively, the right turn arrow for South or East direction roads is inserted at the end of the green sequence, as follows. If a South or West has an active right turn sensor then at the end of the common “Green” time for that road then an additional ten seconds is added to the sequence to accommodate the “Green Arrow”. This consists of four seconds of “Amber” in the corresponding opposite direction, with “Green” still showing in the South or East direction, followed by “Red” in the opposite direction, and “Green Arrow” with “Green” still on for a further 6 seconds. The cycle then moves to “Amber” in the South or East direction with the “Green Arrow” off and “Red” showing in the opposite direction for four seconds. After that is the “All Red” state for two seconds and then the start of a new sequence. For the purposes of the demonstration HEX7 & HEX6 are North & South respectively, while HEX5 & HEX4 are East & West respectively. As an example the following is a heavy traffic sequence with right turns. Red All Roads 2 sec Green and Green Arrow On North Road (South Red) 6 sec Green North Road with Green Arrow off (South Red) 4 sec Green North & South Roads 24 sec -6- Amber North Road with Green South Road 4 sec Red North Road with Green South Road 2 sec Green and Green Arrow On South Road (North Red) 6 sec Amber with Green Arrow off South Road (North Red) 4 sec Red All Roads 2 sec Green and Green Arrow On East Road (West Red) 6 sec Green East Road with Green Arrow off (West Red) 4 sec Green East & West Roads 24 sec Amber East Road with Green West Road 4 sec Red East Road with Green West Road 2 sec Green and Green Arrow On West Road (East Red) 6 sec Amber with Green Arrow off West Road (East Red) 4 sec Red All Roads 2 sec Shown above is a diagram of a seven-segment display indicating how segment ‘c’ is used to indicate a green right turn arrow in a traffic light, in conjunction with ‘a’, ‘g’ and ‘d’ representing the red, yellow and green lights. Notes/Hints: (i) A pedestrian signal sequence will only occur if a pedestrian call button has been pressed (and hence registered); otherwise it will remain in the continuous “Don’t Walk” state. (ii) The decision to extend a traffic signal sequence from 14 to 24 seconds should be made between the 10 and 14 second mark (inclusive). i.e. read the traffic sensors between these times. (iii) It is recommended that you practice implementing some of the basic functions on the DE2 Board first and build on this before implementing the entire design. At the end of the day, a partially implemented prototype that works will be easier to demonstrate than an entire design that does not work at all. (iv) There are many different ways of describing timing circuits in VHDL, not all are synthesisable. (v) At this stage it may be safer to stick with the standard ieee libraries, while it is possible to set up your own libraries – great care needs to be exercised. a d e f g c b -7- (vi) If you use a package – keep it in your work library, download it to the same folder as your design files (for the Quartus II compiler) and compile it (using the Quartus II compiler) before compiling your vending machine design. (vii) MOST IMPORTANT – the Quartus II compiler does NOT like integers of different ranges being assigned to each other – even though this may compile and simulate correctly in ModelSim. For your assignment report YOU ARE REQUIRED TO SUBMIT THE FOLLOWING: (a) Block diagrams of your design, showing the hierarchy of the design and signals at each level. You can use HDL Designer or another drawing package if you wish. To assist the explanation of your design (e) it may be appropriate to embed these in the written text. (b) Printout(s) of your Traffic Light Controller design (inc. VHDL code). Key parts of the design graphics/code should be included in the main body of the report, along with the explanation of the design. With the complete design code included as an appendix. Reset Amber Flash Road 1 Lights Pedestrian Signals Pedestrian Call Buttons Display Student No. Traffic Sensors Test Road 2 Lights -8- (c) Printout(s) of your test bench (stimulus) file(s). Where key to the understanding of the testing methodology and simulation results these should included in the main body of the report. Otherwise, a complete set of testbench code must be included as an appendix. (d) Test data (i.e. annotated printouts of simulation results and summary of on board testing); <<PLEASE keep your simulation printouts to the point, to minimize page usage. E.g. ~3-4 pages with several simulations on each page is good, but 6+ pages of simulations is likely to be a waste of space and effort. You must provide annotated simulations of your main blocks and top level design performing key functions. It is accepted that you will not be able to demonstrate absolutely every possible case on paper - choose the most important ones, and use your demonstration for the rest. For example, if your design is working correctly it will be obvious that your 7 segment display driver is also working correctly. This will be seen in the simulation of higher level blocks as well as the demonstration, and therefore doesn’t require a separate simulation printout>> (e) A concise (two – three pages writing) explanation of your design and your testing methodologies (i.e. how your circuit works, and why your test results demonstrate that it is functioning correctly), also include comments on any particular innovative ideas you have implemented in your design; (f) Include a summary of the FPGA resource usage of your completed design. Briefly comment on the general efficiency of your design, remember that, typically the smaller the design the lower the cost (as it may fit in a smaller/cheaper device), and the lower the power consumption. Are there any areas where you think the design could save some resources by being implemented differently? You are not required to make changes to the VHDL just brief comment(s). (Half page plus resource usage summary). Submission (by 2pm Monday, September 14):  Your complete report (including code) must be converted to an OCR compatible (i.e. searchable) PDF file and submitted to the Design Assignment drop box on the LMS site for this subject. No paper copies are required.  When you submit your assignment it will be checked automatically by the Turnitin software for similarity with past and present work, web sites, books etc. Any report with a high Turnitin similarity index will be scrutinised for potential plagiarism.  It is highly recommended that you submit a draft copy of your assignment report, to the draft Turnitin drop box (on LMS) and check the generated Turnitin report before finalising your submission. If you submit plagiarised work (that is work copied from others – including code) it will most likely be identified and your assignment deemed unsatisfactory! YOU WILL BE REQUIRED TO SUBMIT YOUR DESIGN CODE AND DEMONSTRATE YOUR DESIGN IN PRACTICAL CLASS SESSION IN THE WEEK PRIOR TO THE REPORT DUE DATE (i.e. September 9). Jim Whittington August 2015 -9- APPENDIX – Altera DE2 Board, Switch, LED, 7-Segment Display and Clock pins The following information is taken from the Altera DE2 Board Manual Signal Name FPGA Pin Description SW0 PIN_N25 Slide Switch[0] SW1 PIN_N26 Slide Switch[1] SW2 PIN_P25 Slide Switch[2] SW3 PIN_AE14 Slide Switch[3] SW4 PIN_AF14 Slide Switch[4] SW5 PIN_AD13 Slide Switch[5] SW6 PIN_AC13 Slide Switch[6] SW7 PIN_C13 Slide Switch[7] SW8 PIN_B13 Slide Switch[8] SW9 PIN_A13 Slide Switch[9] SW10 PIN_N1 Slide Switch[10] SW11 PIN_P1 Slide Switch[11] SW12 PIN_P2 Slide Switch[12] SW13 PIN_T7 Slide Switch[13] SW14 PIN_U3 Slide Switch[14] SW15 PIN_U4 Slide Switch[15] SW16 PIN_V1 Slide Switch[16] SW17 PIN_V2 Slide Switch[17] Table-1 Altera DE2 Board Slide Switch Pin Assignments Signal Name FPGA Pin Description KEY0 PIN_G26 Pushbutton[0] KEY1 PIN_N23 Pushbutton [1] KEY2 PIN_P23 Pushbutton [2] KEY3 PIN_W26 Pushbutton [3] Table-2 Altera DE2 Board Push Button Pin Assignments Signal Name FPGA Pin Description LEDR0 PIN_AE23 Red LED[0] LEDR1 PIN_AF23 Red LED[1] LEDR2 PIN_AB21 Red LED[2] LEDR3 PIN_AC22 Red LED[3] LEDR4 PIN_AD22 Red LED[4] LEDR5 PIN_AD23 Red LED[5] LEDR6 PIN_AD21 Red LED[6] LEDR7 PIN_AC21 Red LED[7] LEDR8 PIN_AA14 Red LED[8] LEDR9 PIN_Y13 Red LED[9] LEDR10 PIN_AA13 Red LED[10] LEDR11 PIN_AC14 Red LED[11] LEDR12 PIN_AD15 Red LED[12] -10- LEDR13 PIN_AE15 Red LED[13] LEDR14 PIN_AF13 Red LED[14] LEDR15 PIN_AE13 Red LED[15] LEDR16 PIN_AE12 Red LED[16] LEDR17 PIN_AD12 Red LED[17] LEDG0 PIN_AE22 Green LED[0] LEDG1 PIN_AF22 Green LED[1] LEDG2 PIN_W19 Green LED[2] LEDG3 PIN_V18 Green LED[3] LEDG4 PIN_U18 Green LED[4] LEDG5 PIN_U17 Green LED[5] LEDG6 PIN_AA20 Green LED[6] LEDG7 PIN_Y18 Green LED[7] LEDG8 PIN_Y12 Green LED[8] Table-3 Altera DE2 LED Pin Assignments Signal Name FPGA Pin Description HEX0[0] PIN_AF10 HEX0 Segment a HEX0[1] PIN_AB12 HEX0 Segment b HEX0[2] PIN_AC12 HEX0 Segment c HEX0[3] PIN_AD11 HEX0 Segment d HEX0[4] PIN_AE11 HEX0 Segment e HEX0[5] PIN_V14 HEX0 Segment f HEX0[6] PIN_V13 HEX0 Segment g HEX1 [0] PIN_V20 HEX1 Segment a HEX1 [1] PIN_V21 HEX1 Segment b HEX1 [2] PIN_W21 HEX1 Segment c HEX1 [3] PIN_Y22 HEX1 Segment d HEX1 [4] PIN_AA24 HEX1 Segment e HEX1 [5] PIN_AA23 HEX1 Segment f HEX1 [6] PIN_AB24 HEX1 Segment g HEX2 [0] PIN_AB23 HEX2 Segment a HEX2 [1] PIN_V22 HEX2 Segment b HEX2 [2] PIN_AC25 HEX2 Segment c HEX2 [3] PIN_AC26 HEX2 Segment d HEX2 [4] PIN_AB26 HEX2 Segment e HEX2 [5] PIN_AB25 HEX2 Segment f HEX2 [6] PIN_Y24 HEX2 Segment g HEX3 [0] PIN_Y23 HEX3 Segment a HEX3 [1] PIN_AA25 HEX3 Segment b HEX3 [2] PIN_AA26 HEX3 Segment c HEX3 [3] PIN_Y26 HEX3 Segment d HEX3 [4] PIN_Y25 HEX3 Segment e HEX3 [5] PIN_U22 HEX3 Segment f -11- HEX3 [6] PIN_W24 HEX3 Segment g HEX4 [0] PIN_U9 HEX4 Segment a HEX4 [1] PIN_U1 HEX4 Segment b HEX4 [2] PIN_U2 HEX4 Segment c HEX4 [3] PIN_T4 HEX4 Segment d HEX4 [4] PIN_R7 HEX4 Segment e HEX4 [5] PIN_R6 HEX4 Segment f HEX4 [6] PIN_T3 HEX4 Segment g HEX5 [0] PIN_T2 HEX5 Segment a HEX5 [1] PIN_P6 HEX5 Segment b HEX5 [2] PIN_P7 HEX5 Segment c HEX5 [3] PIN_T9 HEX5 Segment d HEX5 [4] PIN_R5 HEX5 Segment e HEX5 [5] PIN_R4 HEX5 Segment f HEX5 [6] PIN_R3 HEX5 Segment g HEX6 [0] PIN_R2 HEX6 Segment a HEX6 [1] PIN_P4 HEX6 Segment b HEX6 [2] PIN_P3 HEX6 Segment c HEX6 [3] PIN_M2 HEX6 Segment d HEX6 [4] PIN_M3 HEX6 Segment e HEX6 [5] PIN_M5 HEX6 Segment f HEX6 [6] PIN_M4 HEX6 Segment g HEX7 [0] PIN_L3 HEX7 Segment a HEX7 [1] PIN_L2 HEX7 Segment b HEX7 [2] PIN_L9 HEX7 Segment c HEX7 [3] PIN_L6 HEX7 Segment d HEX7 [4] PIN_L7 HEX7 Segment e HEX7 [5] PIN_P9 HEX7 Segment f HEX7 [6] PIN_N9 HEX7 Segment g Table-4 Altera DE2 Board 7-Segment Display Pin Assignments Signal Name FPGA Pin Description CLOCK_27 PIN_D13 27 MHz Clock CLOCK_50 PIN_N2 50 MHz Clock EXT_CLOCK PIN_P26 External Clock Input (SMA) Table-5 Altera DE2 Board Clock Pin Assignments

-1- Department of Engineering ELE3DDE: Electronic Design Automation – 2015 Assignment: Traffic Light Controller: Design, Synthesis and Test DUE: Code Submission and Demonstration, Wednesday, September 9 Report, 2pm Monday, September 14 Students will work on this assignment individually – developing their own design and producing their own independent report Task: A traffic signal controller is required for an intersection of two cross roads in a busy town centre that also has considerable pedestrian traffic. All four approaches to the intersection have standard traffic lights (Red, Amber and Green) and a traffic sensor (active low), which can detect the presence of approaching traffic. Assume that when a car passes over a sensor, it produces a low signal for approximately three (3) seconds. Thus a constant stream of traffic would produce a continuous low signal (i.e. assume that debouncing for these sensors has already been performed in the sensor circuitry). The intersection also has pedestrian crossing signals (Walk, Don’t Walk (flashing), and Don’t Walk (constantly illuminated), and pedestrian call buttons (simple push button switches) at each of the four crossing points. As a digital design engineer, you have been asked to produce an FPGA prototype for the Traffic Light Controller and assigned the following tasks (i) Produce a VHDL design for the Traffic Light Controller meeting the specifications outlined below. (ii) Produce a test bench for your VHDL design and via simulation confirm that your design functions correctly. (iii) Produce a space efficient, fully tested working prototype, suitable for demonstration to the client. (i.e. implement your design in the ALTERA, Cyclone II FPGA on the ALTERA DE2 board). (iv) Produce a report of your work, including a discussion on the efficiency of your design. (v) All code generated for you design must be included in your report. If you have pages and pages of VHDL code (particularly if you generated them with HDL Designer), these should be included in your report as an appendix. Prototype. The design will be implemented using the ALTERA, Cyclone II (EP2C35F672C6) device on the ALTERA DE2 board. See Appendix or DE2 Board Manual for device I/O pins. The four traffic lights will be represented via the 7-segment displays HEX7 – HEX4, with segment ‘a’ representing a red light, segment ‘g’ representing a yellow light and segment ‘d’ representing a green light. With the traffic sensors in the road represented by four slide switches (SW17, SW15, SW13 & SW11). The emergency Amber flash switch should be connected to slide switch SW3. -2- The pedestrian call buttons will be represented by the push buttons, KEY0, KEY1, KEY2 and KEY3. With 7-segment displays HEX3 – HEX0 used to represent the pedestrian signals for the crossing of the intersection, in the following manner: Walk (segment ‘d’ on), Don’t Walk – flashing (segment ‘a’ flashing), and Don’t Walk (segment ‘a’ on continuously). For timing the development board has a 50MHz clock. Shown above is a diagram of a seven-segment display indicating how segments ‘a’, ‘g’ and ‘d’ are used to represent the red, yellow and green lights, of a traffic light, respectively on HEX7 – HEX4. While below shows seven-segment display indicating how segments ‘a’ and ‘d’ are used to indicate Don’t Walk and Walk respectively on HEX3 – HEX0. Design Specifications – Basic Design. The road traffic lights are to operate using the sequence RedGreenAmberRed according to the timing and requirements outlined below. Whenever the lights for one road are Green or Amber the crossroad must always display a red signal. All traffic lights must display a red signal for two seconds between changeovers. In their inactive state all pedestrian signals will display “Don’t Walk – continuous” (segment ‘a’ continuously on), independent of the changes in the traffic signals. The pedestrian signal can be activated following a pedestrian call being registered (by an appropriate push button(s) being pressed) and will operate in the sequence “Walk”  “Don’t Walk – flash”  “Don’t Walk – continuous” with the timing and requirements outlined below. As this intersection carries considerable pedestrian traffic the town planners have decided that the traffic sequence will contain a dedicated pedestrian crossing only period, where pedestrians may walk between any two points of the intersection (including through the middle of the intersection). Rather than embedding the pedestrian crossing sequences in with the road traffic sequence – as you are probably more familiar with. Thus whenever any traffic flow enabling signal is active (i.e. Green or Amber on) the pedestrian signals will be inactive (i.e. “Don’t Walk – continuous”) and vice versa, whenever the pedestrian signals are active (“Walk” or “Don’t Walk – flash”) all road traffic lights remain red. a d e f g c b a d e f g c b -3- Traffic Light sequence and timing When all automotive sensors are inactive the default sequence is: Green Road 1 14 sec Amber Road 1 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec Green Road 2 14 sec Amber Road 2 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec For both Roads 1 & 2, if any traffic is detected after the road has been showing green for 9 seconds, then the Green time will be extended by a further 10 seconds (i.e. making the Green time 24 seconds for that road, on that sequence. The amber and red/red times remain at 4 and 2 seconds respectively – for all sequences. Thus if both Road 1 and Road 2 have heavy traffic (i.e. traffic still detected after 9 seconds of green signal) then the sequence will be: Green Road 1 24 sec Amber Road 1 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec Green Road 2 24 sec Amber Road 2 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec Also, should Road 1 have heavy traffic and Road 2 have only light or no traffic (i.e. no traffic detected after 9 seconds of green signal) then the sequence will be: Green Road 1 24 sec Amber Road 1 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec Green Road 2 14 sec Amber Road 2 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec And alternatively, should Road 2 have heavy traffic and Road 1 have only light or no traffic (i.e. no traffic detected after 9 seconds of green signal) then the sequence will be: Green Road 1 14 sec Amber Road 1 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec Green Road 2 24 sec Amber Road 2 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec When a pedestrian crossing sequence is required this is always inserted after the Road 2 sequence, following the 2 seconds of red in both directions. Pushing a pedestrian crossing button (outside of the “Walk” period) will register a “pedestrian call” and a pedestrian crossing sequence will be inserted as soon as the next Road 2 sequence is complete. Should a pedestrian call be registered at only one site, then the pedestrian crossing sequence will be: -4- : Red Roads 1/2 2 sec “Walk” (‘d’ on) 18 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) “Don’t Walk Flashing” (‘a’ flashing) 6 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) “Don’t Walk” (‘a’ on) 2 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) Green Road 1 : : Alternatively, should a pedestrian call be registered at more than one site, then the “Walk” portion of the pedestrian crossing sequence will be extended by a further 8 seconds, thus: : Red Roads 1/2 2 sec “Walk” (‘d’ on) 26 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) “Don’t Walk Flashing” (‘a’ flashing) 6 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) “Don’t Walk” (‘a’ on) 2 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) Green Road 1 : : All pedestrian calls will be cleared as soon as the “Walk” (‘d’ on) signal is activated, and will not register again until the “Walk” (‘d’ on) signal is no longer active. Any pedestrian calls (i.e. a pedestrian button push) made during the “Don’t Walk Flashing” signal will be registered as a call towards the next sequence and have no effect on the current length of the “Don’t Walk Flashing” signal. As an example, if the automotive traffic is “heavy” in both directions, and there is also a heavy demand on the pedestrian crossing, then the total sequence would be: : Green Road 1 24 sec Amber Road 1 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec Green Road 2 24 sec Amber Road 2 4 sec Red Roads 1/2 2 sec “Walk” (‘d’ on) 26 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) “Don’t Walk Flashing” (‘a’ flashing) 6 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) “Don’t Walk” (‘a’ on) 2 sec (still Red Roads 1/2) Green Road 1 24 sec : The traffic controller system must respond to road sensor changes within one second. (Hint – The core of your design may include a state machine that is clocked at 1Hz). Although, you may need a faster clock to register the pedestrian call buttons. Incorporate an emergency Amber flash switch in your design (SW3). When activated the system should move to the ‘Red both directions’ state as soon as possible (i.e. it must go through four seconds of amber if currently green or amber, or through six seconds of “Don’t Walk Flashing” should a pedestrian sequence be active. Then after two seconds of ‘Red both directions’ plus “Don’t Walk” (‘a’ on) it should flash amber at 1Hz in both directions. In this state all pedestrian -5- signals will remain continuously showing “Don’t Walk” and no pedestrian call buttons will be registered. The design must also include an reset (active low), which will immediately place the lights on both roads in the Red state, plus all pedestrian signals showing “Don’t Walk” continuously, hold for two seconds, and then move to normal operations. You should use SW0 for the reset. For the purposes of testing and demonstrating this assignment, you should include a state clock speed modification option (i.e. x4); under “test switch” control (SW2). This will enable an option of viewing (and testing) the sequence changes more quickly. Finally, so that each design is unique, arrange for a selectable option (using SW1) where your student number is displayed on the 7-segment displays. Clearly when the student number is being displayed the traffic light status cannot be shown, although normal operations should continue in the background. That is, SW1 controls a multiplexer that selects between traffic light and student number data to be displayed. There is no need to include this section in your report, as it is not part of the Traffic Light Controller design. However, it is required for the demonstration. Design Specifications – Enhanced Design. Add additional features to enhance your design. 1. Implement the “Walk”/”Don’t Walk” on the LCD display. 2. Display a count of the current ‘seconds’ for a particular state in the sequence. i.e. count up the seconds in “green-red”, then “amber-red”, then “red-red”, then “red-green” etc. 3. Implement Green right turn arrows on the cross roads. Use the four slide switches (SW16, SW14, SW12 & SW10) for the right turn sensors. If a North or East direction road has an right turn sensors that is active prior to the intended green cycle of that road then an additional 6 seconds inserted into the sequence showing “Green Arrow” and “Green” in one direction with “Red” in the opposite direction (i.e. South or West). After the 6 seconds have elapsed the “Green Arrow” is switched off while the “Green” remains on with “Red” still showing in the opposite direction. After a further four seconds the “Red” in opposite direction changes to “green” and the sequence continues normally. Alternatively, the right turn arrow for South or East direction roads is inserted at the end of the green sequence, as follows. If a South or West has an active right turn sensor then at the end of the common “Green” time for that road then an additional ten seconds is added to the sequence to accommodate the “Green Arrow”. This consists of four seconds of “Amber” in the corresponding opposite direction, with “Green” still showing in the South or East direction, followed by “Red” in the opposite direction, and “Green Arrow” with “Green” still on for a further 6 seconds. The cycle then moves to “Amber” in the South or East direction with the “Green Arrow” off and “Red” showing in the opposite direction for four seconds. After that is the “All Red” state for two seconds and then the start of a new sequence. For the purposes of the demonstration HEX7 & HEX6 are North & South respectively, while HEX5 & HEX4 are East & West respectively. As an example the following is a heavy traffic sequence with right turns. Red All Roads 2 sec Green and Green Arrow On North Road (South Red) 6 sec Green North Road with Green Arrow off (South Red) 4 sec Green North & South Roads 24 sec -6- Amber North Road with Green South Road 4 sec Red North Road with Green South Road 2 sec Green and Green Arrow On South Road (North Red) 6 sec Amber with Green Arrow off South Road (North Red) 4 sec Red All Roads 2 sec Green and Green Arrow On East Road (West Red) 6 sec Green East Road with Green Arrow off (West Red) 4 sec Green East & West Roads 24 sec Amber East Road with Green West Road 4 sec Red East Road with Green West Road 2 sec Green and Green Arrow On West Road (East Red) 6 sec Amber with Green Arrow off West Road (East Red) 4 sec Red All Roads 2 sec Shown above is a diagram of a seven-segment display indicating how segment ‘c’ is used to indicate a green right turn arrow in a traffic light, in conjunction with ‘a’, ‘g’ and ‘d’ representing the red, yellow and green lights. Notes/Hints: (i) A pedestrian signal sequence will only occur if a pedestrian call button has been pressed (and hence registered); otherwise it will remain in the continuous “Don’t Walk” state. (ii) The decision to extend a traffic signal sequence from 14 to 24 seconds should be made between the 10 and 14 second mark (inclusive). i.e. read the traffic sensors between these times. (iii) It is recommended that you practice implementing some of the basic functions on the DE2 Board first and build on this before implementing the entire design. At the end of the day, a partially implemented prototype that works will be easier to demonstrate than an entire design that does not work at all. (iv) There are many different ways of describing timing circuits in VHDL, not all are synthesisable. (v) At this stage it may be safer to stick with the standard ieee libraries, while it is possible to set up your own libraries – great care needs to be exercised. a d e f g c b -7- (vi) If you use a package – keep it in your work library, download it to the same folder as your design files (for the Quartus II compiler) and compile it (using the Quartus II compiler) before compiling your vending machine design. (vii) MOST IMPORTANT – the Quartus II compiler does NOT like integers of different ranges being assigned to each other – even though this may compile and simulate correctly in ModelSim. For your assignment report YOU ARE REQUIRED TO SUBMIT THE FOLLOWING: (a) Block diagrams of your design, showing the hierarchy of the design and signals at each level. You can use HDL Designer or another drawing package if you wish. To assist the explanation of your design (e) it may be appropriate to embed these in the written text. (b) Printout(s) of your Traffic Light Controller design (inc. VHDL code). Key parts of the design graphics/code should be included in the main body of the report, along with the explanation of the design. With the complete design code included as an appendix. Reset Amber Flash Road 1 Lights Pedestrian Signals Pedestrian Call Buttons Display Student No. Traffic Sensors Test Road 2 Lights -8- (c) Printout(s) of your test bench (stimulus) file(s). Where key to the understanding of the testing methodology and simulation results these should included in the main body of the report. Otherwise, a complete set of testbench code must be included as an appendix. (d) Test data (i.e. annotated printouts of simulation results and summary of on board testing); <> (e) A concise (two – three pages writing) explanation of your design and your testing methodologies (i.e. how your circuit works, and why your test results demonstrate that it is functioning correctly), also include comments on any particular innovative ideas you have implemented in your design; (f) Include a summary of the FPGA resource usage of your completed design. Briefly comment on the general efficiency of your design, remember that, typically the smaller the design the lower the cost (as it may fit in a smaller/cheaper device), and the lower the power consumption. Are there any areas where you think the design could save some resources by being implemented differently? You are not required to make changes to the VHDL just brief comment(s). (Half page plus resource usage summary). Submission (by 2pm Monday, September 14):  Your complete report (including code) must be converted to an OCR compatible (i.e. searchable) PDF file and submitted to the Design Assignment drop box on the LMS site for this subject. No paper copies are required.  When you submit your assignment it will be checked automatically by the Turnitin software for similarity with past and present work, web sites, books etc. Any report with a high Turnitin similarity index will be scrutinised for potential plagiarism.  It is highly recommended that you submit a draft copy of your assignment report, to the draft Turnitin drop box (on LMS) and check the generated Turnitin report before finalising your submission. If you submit plagiarised work (that is work copied from others – including code) it will most likely be identified and your assignment deemed unsatisfactory! YOU WILL BE REQUIRED TO SUBMIT YOUR DESIGN CODE AND DEMONSTRATE YOUR DESIGN IN PRACTICAL CLASS SESSION IN THE WEEK PRIOR TO THE REPORT DUE DATE (i.e. September 9). Jim Whittington August 2015 -9- APPENDIX – Altera DE2 Board, Switch, LED, 7-Segment Display and Clock pins The following information is taken from the Altera DE2 Board Manual Signal Name FPGA Pin Description SW0 PIN_N25 Slide Switch[0] SW1 PIN_N26 Slide Switch[1] SW2 PIN_P25 Slide Switch[2] SW3 PIN_AE14 Slide Switch[3] SW4 PIN_AF14 Slide Switch[4] SW5 PIN_AD13 Slide Switch[5] SW6 PIN_AC13 Slide Switch[6] SW7 PIN_C13 Slide Switch[7] SW8 PIN_B13 Slide Switch[8] SW9 PIN_A13 Slide Switch[9] SW10 PIN_N1 Slide Switch[10] SW11 PIN_P1 Slide Switch[11] SW12 PIN_P2 Slide Switch[12] SW13 PIN_T7 Slide Switch[13] SW14 PIN_U3 Slide Switch[14] SW15 PIN_U4 Slide Switch[15] SW16 PIN_V1 Slide Switch[16] SW17 PIN_V2 Slide Switch[17] Table-1 Altera DE2 Board Slide Switch Pin Assignments Signal Name FPGA Pin Description KEY0 PIN_G26 Pushbutton[0] KEY1 PIN_N23 Pushbutton [1] KEY2 PIN_P23 Pushbutton [2] KEY3 PIN_W26 Pushbutton [3] Table-2 Altera DE2 Board Push Button Pin Assignments Signal Name FPGA Pin Description LEDR0 PIN_AE23 Red LED[0] LEDR1 PIN_AF23 Red LED[1] LEDR2 PIN_AB21 Red LED[2] LEDR3 PIN_AC22 Red LED[3] LEDR4 PIN_AD22 Red LED[4] LEDR5 PIN_AD23 Red LED[5] LEDR6 PIN_AD21 Red LED[6] LEDR7 PIN_AC21 Red LED[7] LEDR8 PIN_AA14 Red LED[8] LEDR9 PIN_Y13 Red LED[9] LEDR10 PIN_AA13 Red LED[10] LEDR11 PIN_AC14 Red LED[11] LEDR12 PIN_AD15 Red LED[12] -10- LEDR13 PIN_AE15 Red LED[13] LEDR14 PIN_AF13 Red LED[14] LEDR15 PIN_AE13 Red LED[15] LEDR16 PIN_AE12 Red LED[16] LEDR17 PIN_AD12 Red LED[17] LEDG0 PIN_AE22 Green LED[0] LEDG1 PIN_AF22 Green LED[1] LEDG2 PIN_W19 Green LED[2] LEDG3 PIN_V18 Green LED[3] LEDG4 PIN_U18 Green LED[4] LEDG5 PIN_U17 Green LED[5] LEDG6 PIN_AA20 Green LED[6] LEDG7 PIN_Y18 Green LED[7] LEDG8 PIN_Y12 Green LED[8] Table-3 Altera DE2 LED Pin Assignments Signal Name FPGA Pin Description HEX0[0] PIN_AF10 HEX0 Segment a HEX0[1] PIN_AB12 HEX0 Segment b HEX0[2] PIN_AC12 HEX0 Segment c HEX0[3] PIN_AD11 HEX0 Segment d HEX0[4] PIN_AE11 HEX0 Segment e HEX0[5] PIN_V14 HEX0 Segment f HEX0[6] PIN_V13 HEX0 Segment g HEX1 [0] PIN_V20 HEX1 Segment a HEX1 [1] PIN_V21 HEX1 Segment b HEX1 [2] PIN_W21 HEX1 Segment c HEX1 [3] PIN_Y22 HEX1 Segment d HEX1 [4] PIN_AA24 HEX1 Segment e HEX1 [5] PIN_AA23 HEX1 Segment f HEX1 [6] PIN_AB24 HEX1 Segment g HEX2 [0] PIN_AB23 HEX2 Segment a HEX2 [1] PIN_V22 HEX2 Segment b HEX2 [2] PIN_AC25 HEX2 Segment c HEX2 [3] PIN_AC26 HEX2 Segment d HEX2 [4] PIN_AB26 HEX2 Segment e HEX2 [5] PIN_AB25 HEX2 Segment f HEX2 [6] PIN_Y24 HEX2 Segment g HEX3 [0] PIN_Y23 HEX3 Segment a HEX3 [1] PIN_AA25 HEX3 Segment b HEX3 [2] PIN_AA26 HEX3 Segment c HEX3 [3] PIN_Y26 HEX3 Segment d HEX3 [4] PIN_Y25 HEX3 Segment e HEX3 [5] PIN_U22 HEX3 Segment f -11- HEX3 [6] PIN_W24 HEX3 Segment g HEX4 [0] PIN_U9 HEX4 Segment a HEX4 [1] PIN_U1 HEX4 Segment b HEX4 [2] PIN_U2 HEX4 Segment c HEX4 [3] PIN_T4 HEX4 Segment d HEX4 [4] PIN_R7 HEX4 Segment e HEX4 [5] PIN_R6 HEX4 Segment f HEX4 [6] PIN_T3 HEX4 Segment g HEX5 [0] PIN_T2 HEX5 Segment a HEX5 [1] PIN_P6 HEX5 Segment b HEX5 [2] PIN_P7 HEX5 Segment c HEX5 [3] PIN_T9 HEX5 Segment d HEX5 [4] PIN_R5 HEX5 Segment e HEX5 [5] PIN_R4 HEX5 Segment f HEX5 [6] PIN_R3 HEX5 Segment g HEX6 [0] PIN_R2 HEX6 Segment a HEX6 [1] PIN_P4 HEX6 Segment b HEX6 [2] PIN_P3 HEX6 Segment c HEX6 [3] PIN_M2 HEX6 Segment d HEX6 [4] PIN_M3 HEX6 Segment e HEX6 [5] PIN_M5 HEX6 Segment f HEX6 [6] PIN_M4 HEX6 Segment g HEX7 [0] PIN_L3 HEX7 Segment a HEX7 [1] PIN_L2 HEX7 Segment b HEX7 [2] PIN_L9 HEX7 Segment c HEX7 [3] PIN_L6 HEX7 Segment d HEX7 [4] PIN_L7 HEX7 Segment e HEX7 [5] PIN_P9 HEX7 Segment f HEX7 [6] PIN_N9 HEX7 Segment g Table-4 Altera DE2 Board 7-Segment Display Pin Assignments Signal Name FPGA Pin Description CLOCK_27 PIN_D13 27 MHz Clock CLOCK_50 PIN_N2 50 MHz Clock EXT_CLOCK PIN_P26 External Clock Input (SMA) Table-5 Altera DE2 Board Clock Pin Assignments

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CHM114: Exam #2 CHM 114, S2015 Exam #2, Version C 16 March 2015 Instructor: O. Graudejus Points: 100 Print Name Sign Name Student I.D. # 1. You are responsible for the information on this page. Please read it carefully. 2. Code your name and 10 digit affiliate identification number on the separate scantron answer sheet. Use only a #2 pencil 3. If you enter your ASU ID incorrectly on the scantron, a 3 point penalty will be assessed. 4. Do all calculations on the exam pages. Do not make any unnecessary marks on the answer sheet. 5. This exam consists of 25 multiple choice questions worth 4 points each and a periodic table. Make sure you have them all. 6. Choose the best answer to each of the questions and answer it on the computer-graded answer sheet. Read all responses before making a selection. 7. Read the directions carefully for each problem. 8. Avoid even casual glances at other students’ exams. 9. Stop writing and hand in your scantron answer sheet and your test promptly when instructed. LATE EXAMS MAY HAVE POINTS DEDUCTED. 10. You will have 50 minutes to complete the exam. 11. If you leave early, please do so quietly. 12. Work the easiest problems first. 13. A periodic table is attached as the last page to this exam. 14. Answers will be posted online this afternoon. Potentially useful information: K = ºC + 273.15 RH=2.18·10-18 J R=8.314 J·K-1·mol-1 1Å=10-10 m c=3·108 m/s Ephoton=h·n=h·c/l h=6.626·10-34 Js Avogadro’s Number = 6.022 × 1023 particles/mole DH°rxn =  n DHf° (products) –  n DHf° (reactants) ) 1 1 ( 2 2 f i H n n DE = R − \ -2- CHM114: Exam #2 1) Which one of the following is an incorrect orbital notation? A) 2s B) 2p C) 3f D) 3d E) 4s 2) The energy of a photon that has a frequency of 8.21 1015s 1 − × is __________ J. A) 8.08 10 50 − × B) 1.99 10 25 − × C) 5.44 10 18 − × D) 1.24×1049 E) 1.26 10 19 − × 3) The ground state electron configuration of Ga is __________. A) 1s22s23s23p64s23d104p1 B) 1s22s22p63s23p64s24d104p1 C) 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p1 D) 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104d1 E) [Ar]4s23d11 4) Of the bonds N–N, N=N, and NN, the N-N bond is __________. A) strongest/shortest B) weakest/longest C) strongest/longest D) weakest/shortest E) intermediate in both strength and length 5) Of the atoms below, __________ is the most electronegative. A) Br B) O C) Cl D) N E) F 6) Of the following, __________ cannot accommodate more than an octet of electrons. A) P B) O C) S D) Cl E) I -3- CHM 114: Exam #2 7) Which electron configuration represents a violation of Hund’s Rule? A) B) C) D) E) 8) A tin atom has 50 electrons. Electrons in the _____ subshell experience the highest effective nuclear charge. A) 1s B) 3p C) 3d D) 5s E) 5p 9) In ionic compounds, the lattice energy_____ as the magnitude of the ion charges _____ and the radii _____. A) increases, decrease, increase B) increases, increase, increase C) decreases, increase, increase D) increases, increase, decrease E) increases, decrease, decrease 10) Which of the following ionic compounds has the highest lattice energy? A) LiF B) MgO C) CsF D) CsI E) LiI -4- CHM 114: Exam #2 11) For which one of the following reactions is the value of H°rxn equal to Hf° for the product? A) 2 C (s, graphite) + 2 H2 (g)  C2H4 (g) B) N2 (g) + O2 (g)  2 NO (g) C) 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g)  2 H2O (l) D) 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g)  2 H2O (g) E) all of the above 12) Given the data in the table below, H rxn D ° for the reaction 3 2 3 PCl (g) + 3HCl(g)®3Cl (g) + PH (g) is __________ kJ. A) -570.37 B) -385.77 C) 570.37 D) 385.77 E) The f DH° of 2 Cl (g) is needed for the calculation. 13) Given the following reactions (1) 2 2 2NO® N +O H = -180 kJ (2) 2 2 2NO+O ®2NO H = -112 kJ the enthalpy of the reaction of nitrogen with oxygen to produce nitrogen dioxide 2 2 2 N + 2O ®2NO is __________ kJ. A) 68 B) -68 C) -292 D) 292 E) -146 14) Of the following transitions in the Bohr hydrogen atom, the __________ transition results in the absorption of the lowest-energy photon. A) n = 1  n = 6 B) n = 6  n = 1 C) n = 6  n = 5 D) n = 3  n = 6 E) n = 1  n = 4 -5- CHM 114: Exam #2 15) Which equation correctly represents the electron affinity of calcium? A) Ca (g)  Ca+ (g) + e- B) Ca (g)  Ca- (g) + e- C) Ca (g) + e-  Ca- (g) D) Ca- (g)  Ca (g) + e- E) Ca+ (g) + e-  Ca (g) 16) Which of the following does not have eight valence electrons? A) Ca+ B) Rb+ C) Xe D) Br− E) All of the above have eight valence electrons. 17) The specific heat of liquid bromine is 0.226 J/g · K. The molar heat capacity (in J/mol-K) of liquid bromine is __________. A) 707 B) 36.1 C) 18.1 D) 9.05 E) 0.226 18) Given the electronegativities below, which covalent single bond is least polar? Element: H C N O F Electronegativity: 2.1 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 A) C-H B) C-F C) O-H D) O-C E) F-H 19) The bond length in an HCl molecule is 1.27 Å and the measured dipole moment is 1.08 D. What is the magnitude (in units of e) of the negative charge on Cl in HCl? (1 debye = 3.34 10 30 coulomb-meters − × ; e=1.6 10 19 coulombs − × ) A) 1.6 10 19 − × B) 0.057 C) 0.18 D) 1 E) 0.22 -6- CHM 114: Exam #2 20) The F-B-F bond angle in the BF3 molecule is approximately __________. A) 90° B) 109.5° C) 120° D) 180° E) 60° 21) Which isoelectronic series is correctly arranged in order of increasing radius? A) K+ < Ca2+ < Ar < Cl- B) Cl- < Ar < K+ < Ca2+ C) Ca2+ < Ar < K+ < Cl- D) Ca2+ < K+ < Ar < Cl- E) Ca2+ < K+ < Cl- < Ar 22) What is the electron configuration for the Fe2+ ion? A) [Ar]4s03d6 B) [Ar]4s23d4 C) [Ar]4s03d8 D) [Ar]4s23d8 E) [Ar]4s63d2 23) The formal charge on carbon in the Lewis structure of the NCS - ion is __________: A) -1 B) +1 C) +2 D) 0 E) +3 -7- CHM 114: Exam #2 24) Using the table of bond dissociation energies, the H for the following gas-phase reaction is __________ kJ. A) 291 B) 2017 C) -57 D) -356 E) -291 25) According to VSEPR theory, if there are six electron domains in the valence shell of an atom, they will be arranged in a(n) __________ geometry. A) octahedral B) linear C) tetrahedral D) trigonal planar E) trigonal bipyramidal -8- CHM 114: Exam #2

CHM114: Exam #2 CHM 114, S2015 Exam #2, Version C 16 March 2015 Instructor: O. Graudejus Points: 100 Print Name Sign Name Student I.D. # 1. You are responsible for the information on this page. Please read it carefully. 2. Code your name and 10 digit affiliate identification number on the separate scantron answer sheet. Use only a #2 pencil 3. If you enter your ASU ID incorrectly on the scantron, a 3 point penalty will be assessed. 4. Do all calculations on the exam pages. Do not make any unnecessary marks on the answer sheet. 5. This exam consists of 25 multiple choice questions worth 4 points each and a periodic table. Make sure you have them all. 6. Choose the best answer to each of the questions and answer it on the computer-graded answer sheet. Read all responses before making a selection. 7. Read the directions carefully for each problem. 8. Avoid even casual glances at other students’ exams. 9. Stop writing and hand in your scantron answer sheet and your test promptly when instructed. LATE EXAMS MAY HAVE POINTS DEDUCTED. 10. You will have 50 minutes to complete the exam. 11. If you leave early, please do so quietly. 12. Work the easiest problems first. 13. A periodic table is attached as the last page to this exam. 14. Answers will be posted online this afternoon. Potentially useful information: K = ºC + 273.15 RH=2.18·10-18 J R=8.314 J·K-1·mol-1 1Å=10-10 m c=3·108 m/s Ephoton=h·n=h·c/l h=6.626·10-34 Js Avogadro’s Number = 6.022 × 1023 particles/mole DH°rxn =  n DHf° (products) –  n DHf° (reactants) ) 1 1 ( 2 2 f i H n n DE = R − \ -2- CHM114: Exam #2 1) Which one of the following is an incorrect orbital notation? A) 2s B) 2p C) 3f D) 3d E) 4s 2) The energy of a photon that has a frequency of 8.21 1015s 1 − × is __________ J. A) 8.08 10 50 − × B) 1.99 10 25 − × C) 5.44 10 18 − × D) 1.24×1049 E) 1.26 10 19 − × 3) The ground state electron configuration of Ga is __________. A) 1s22s23s23p64s23d104p1 B) 1s22s22p63s23p64s24d104p1 C) 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p1 D) 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104d1 E) [Ar]4s23d11 4) Of the bonds N–N, N=N, and NN, the N-N bond is __________. A) strongest/shortest B) weakest/longest C) strongest/longest D) weakest/shortest E) intermediate in both strength and length 5) Of the atoms below, __________ is the most electronegative. A) Br B) O C) Cl D) N E) F 6) Of the following, __________ cannot accommodate more than an octet of electrons. A) P B) O C) S D) Cl E) I -3- CHM 114: Exam #2 7) Which electron configuration represents a violation of Hund’s Rule? A) B) C) D) E) 8) A tin atom has 50 electrons. Electrons in the _____ subshell experience the highest effective nuclear charge. A) 1s B) 3p C) 3d D) 5s E) 5p 9) In ionic compounds, the lattice energy_____ as the magnitude of the ion charges _____ and the radii _____. A) increases, decrease, increase B) increases, increase, increase C) decreases, increase, increase D) increases, increase, decrease E) increases, decrease, decrease 10) Which of the following ionic compounds has the highest lattice energy? A) LiF B) MgO C) CsF D) CsI E) LiI -4- CHM 114: Exam #2 11) For which one of the following reactions is the value of H°rxn equal to Hf° for the product? A) 2 C (s, graphite) + 2 H2 (g)  C2H4 (g) B) N2 (g) + O2 (g)  2 NO (g) C) 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g)  2 H2O (l) D) 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g)  2 H2O (g) E) all of the above 12) Given the data in the table below, H rxn D ° for the reaction 3 2 3 PCl (g) + 3HCl(g)®3Cl (g) + PH (g) is __________ kJ. A) -570.37 B) -385.77 C) 570.37 D) 385.77 E) The f DH° of 2 Cl (g) is needed for the calculation. 13) Given the following reactions (1) 2 2 2NO® N +O H = -180 kJ (2) 2 2 2NO+O ®2NO H = -112 kJ the enthalpy of the reaction of nitrogen with oxygen to produce nitrogen dioxide 2 2 2 N + 2O ®2NO is __________ kJ. A) 68 B) -68 C) -292 D) 292 E) -146 14) Of the following transitions in the Bohr hydrogen atom, the __________ transition results in the absorption of the lowest-energy photon. A) n = 1  n = 6 B) n = 6  n = 1 C) n = 6  n = 5 D) n = 3  n = 6 E) n = 1  n = 4 -5- CHM 114: Exam #2 15) Which equation correctly represents the electron affinity of calcium? A) Ca (g)  Ca+ (g) + e- B) Ca (g)  Ca- (g) + e- C) Ca (g) + e-  Ca- (g) D) Ca- (g)  Ca (g) + e- E) Ca+ (g) + e-  Ca (g) 16) Which of the following does not have eight valence electrons? A) Ca+ B) Rb+ C) Xe D) Br− E) All of the above have eight valence electrons. 17) The specific heat of liquid bromine is 0.226 J/g · K. The molar heat capacity (in J/mol-K) of liquid bromine is __________. A) 707 B) 36.1 C) 18.1 D) 9.05 E) 0.226 18) Given the electronegativities below, which covalent single bond is least polar? Element: H C N O F Electronegativity: 2.1 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 A) C-H B) C-F C) O-H D) O-C E) F-H 19) The bond length in an HCl molecule is 1.27 Å and the measured dipole moment is 1.08 D. What is the magnitude (in units of e) of the negative charge on Cl in HCl? (1 debye = 3.34 10 30 coulomb-meters − × ; e=1.6 10 19 coulombs − × ) A) 1.6 10 19 − × B) 0.057 C) 0.18 D) 1 E) 0.22 -6- CHM 114: Exam #2 20) The F-B-F bond angle in the BF3 molecule is approximately __________. A) 90° B) 109.5° C) 120° D) 180° E) 60° 21) Which isoelectronic series is correctly arranged in order of increasing radius? A) K+ < Ca2+ < Ar < Cl- B) Cl- < Ar < K+ < Ca2+ C) Ca2+ < Ar < K+ < Cl- D) Ca2+ < K+ < Ar < Cl- E) Ca2+ < K+ < Cl- < Ar 22) What is the electron configuration for the Fe2+ ion? A) [Ar]4s03d6 B) [Ar]4s23d4 C) [Ar]4s03d8 D) [Ar]4s23d8 E) [Ar]4s63d2 23) The formal charge on carbon in the Lewis structure of the NCS - ion is __________: A) -1 B) +1 C) +2 D) 0 E) +3 -7- CHM 114: Exam #2 24) Using the table of bond dissociation energies, the H for the following gas-phase reaction is __________ kJ. A) 291 B) 2017 C) -57 D) -356 E) -291 25) According to VSEPR theory, if there are six electron domains in the valence shell of an atom, they will be arranged in a(n) __________ geometry. A) octahedral B) linear C) tetrahedral D) trigonal planar E) trigonal bipyramidal -8- CHM 114: Exam #2

DISC and Jung Typology Reflection Paper DISC and Jung Typology Reflection Paper You will complete the DISC assessment and Jung Typology Assessment (Free Assessments – Links Provided on Blackboard) and then write a 2 Page Double Spaced reflection paper discussing the following: How the Results of the DISC compare to the Jung Typology Results Are they consistent? How do they differ? Are they accurate for you? How Could You Use This Information to Improve Your Personal Life and/or Career?

DISC and Jung Typology Reflection Paper DISC and Jung Typology Reflection Paper You will complete the DISC assessment and Jung Typology Assessment (Free Assessments – Links Provided on Blackboard) and then write a 2 Page Double Spaced reflection paper discussing the following: How the Results of the DISC compare to the Jung Typology Results Are they consistent? How do they differ? Are they accurate for you? How Could You Use This Information to Improve Your Personal Life and/or Career?

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Which statement is true of nucleic acids? (a) rRNA positions amino acids along mRNA. (b) mRNA binds amino acids together to make proteins. (c) mRNA is part of the ribosome. (d) DNA carries information for making RNA. Both (b) and (d).

Which statement is true of nucleic acids? (a) rRNA positions amino acids along mRNA. (b) mRNA binds amino acids together to make proteins. (c) mRNA is part of the ribosome. (d) DNA carries information for making RNA. Both (b) and (d).

(d) DNA carries information for making RNA.
Attached Files: File Operational Definitions for 670.doc (25.5 KB) Amply armed with all the information you have learned throughout these last 7 weeks (paying special attention to Chapters 11-14), complete a “mini public relations proposal.” Following is a checklist of what is expected in this proposal: 1. Name of the organization and a brief explanation/description (Example: it is a boutique that specializes in selling high-end bridal gowns; it is a nonprofit organization that raises money for children whose parents are wounded veterans, etc.) PLEASE NOTE: No fictitious organizations, please! 2. ONE Overaching Goal (to persuade, inform, educate, etc.) 3. ONE suggestion for the research you plan to conduct. Explain the method (survey, phone interviews, etc.), who you are researching, and why you think this method is most conducive for this communication campaign. 4. ONE behavioral objective (see handouts a) RECALL PLOT: public, level of obtainment, timeframe) b). RECALL that the objective is what you want your target public to do 5. ONE action strategy (RECALL that the strategy is what you are planning to do meet your objective – your gameplan) 6. ONE message strategy (what your message will say) 7. TWO communication tactics 8. ONE technique for measuring whether the objective was met IMPORTANT NOTES: > USE the prsa operational definitions (SEE ATTACHED HANDOUT) > USE subheads for each part of the proposal OR you can just number the components (1-8) > The rubric for this last report is very simple: points will be deducted for each component you do not include or if it is written incorrectly or does not meet all the critiera mapped out in the attached handout.

Attached Files: File Operational Definitions for 670.doc (25.5 KB) Amply armed with all the information you have learned throughout these last 7 weeks (paying special attention to Chapters 11-14), complete a “mini public relations proposal.” Following is a checklist of what is expected in this proposal: 1. Name of the organization and a brief explanation/description (Example: it is a boutique that specializes in selling high-end bridal gowns; it is a nonprofit organization that raises money for children whose parents are wounded veterans, etc.) PLEASE NOTE: No fictitious organizations, please! 2. ONE Overaching Goal (to persuade, inform, educate, etc.) 3. ONE suggestion for the research you plan to conduct. Explain the method (survey, phone interviews, etc.), who you are researching, and why you think this method is most conducive for this communication campaign. 4. ONE behavioral objective (see handouts a) RECALL PLOT: public, level of obtainment, timeframe) b). RECALL that the objective is what you want your target public to do 5. ONE action strategy (RECALL that the strategy is what you are planning to do meet your objective – your gameplan) 6. ONE message strategy (what your message will say) 7. TWO communication tactics 8. ONE technique for measuring whether the objective was met IMPORTANT NOTES: > USE the prsa operational definitions (SEE ATTACHED HANDOUT) > USE subheads for each part of the proposal OR you can just number the components (1-8) > The rubric for this last report is very simple: points will be deducted for each component you do not include or if it is written incorrectly or does not meet all the critiera mapped out in the attached handout.

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MIS 3000 – Introduction to Management Information Systems Excel Tutorial #5 (Spring 2014) Healthy Cooking Grading Criteria Do “Case Problem 3” on pages EX 322-323 of your Excel book. See details below. When you are done, turn in your Excel spreadsheet: Item Points Download the Cooking workbook (available on Pilot). Save your Workbook as HealthyCookingXXX (where XXX are your initials). Complete the Documentation Sheet: 1 – Fill in the Documentation Sheet, as directed Correct the Order Amount Filter Worksheet: ……..………………………………………………………………………….. 2 – Correct the errors in the filter (Step 3) Create the Sort Worksheet: 3 – Create a custom sort on the specified criteria – Use conditional formatting as directed in Step 8 Correct the Customer Type Subtotal Worksheet: 5 – Correct the Customer Type Subtotal Worksheet (step 11) – Complete step 12 to insert a count of orders for customer type Create the Pivot Table per Step 13: 4 – Use a slicer to filter the Pivot Table per Step 14 – Format the slicer to match the Pivot Table style Create the Pivot Chart as directed in Step 16: ……..…………………………………………………………………………..4 – Move the Pivot Chart to row 3 – Change the Chart Title as directed – Change the axis and fill colors as directed

MIS 3000 – Introduction to Management Information Systems Excel Tutorial #5 (Spring 2014) Healthy Cooking Grading Criteria Do “Case Problem 3” on pages EX 322-323 of your Excel book. See details below. When you are done, turn in your Excel spreadsheet: Item Points Download the Cooking workbook (available on Pilot). Save your Workbook as HealthyCookingXXX (where XXX are your initials). Complete the Documentation Sheet: 1 – Fill in the Documentation Sheet, as directed Correct the Order Amount Filter Worksheet: ……..………………………………………………………………………….. 2 – Correct the errors in the filter (Step 3) Create the Sort Worksheet: 3 – Create a custom sort on the specified criteria – Use conditional formatting as directed in Step 8 Correct the Customer Type Subtotal Worksheet: 5 – Correct the Customer Type Subtotal Worksheet (step 11) – Complete step 12 to insert a count of orders for customer type Create the Pivot Table per Step 13: 4 – Use a slicer to filter the Pivot Table per Step 14 – Format the slicer to match the Pivot Table style Create the Pivot Chart as directed in Step 16: ……..…………………………………………………………………………..4 – Move the Pivot Chart to row 3 – Change the Chart Title as directed – Change the axis and fill colors as directed

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